Photographs

1. Framing
   • Using elements within the scene to create a border around the subject, drawing attention and adding depth.
2. Perspective
   • The angle or viewpoint from which a photo is taken, influencing how objects are perceived.
3. Lighting
   • Manipulating light (natural or artificial) to set mood, highlight the subject, and define textures.
4. Color Palette
   • The arrangement of colors within a photo, influencing mood and visual harmony.
5. Composition
   • The placement of elements in an image, guiding the viewer’s eye and creating balance.
6. Portraiture
   • Photography focused on capturing the personality and emotion of a person or group.
7. Subject Selection
   • Choosing the main focus of the image to tell a story or emphasize a message.
8. Gaze
   • The direction where the person is looking at.
9. Space
   • Spacious or crowded; rural or urban; the background

Literary devices in general:

see -> https://docs.google.com/document/d/1JA2NmoXTnc8qlWoV5xw_euOGfLGsCvefol9BYxN2isc/edit?tab=t.0

Literature: novel, poetry, drama

Device	Definition
🔁 Repetition	Repeating words or phrases for emphasis.
✂️ Short Sentence Structure	Sentences that are brief and to the point, creating tension or clarity.
⛔ Incomplete Sentences / Use of Punctuation	Sentences that are not grammatically complete, often used to mirror natural speech or create drama.
🔮 Metaphor / Simile	Metaphor: Direct comparison (e.g. Time is a thief).Simile: Comparison using like or as (e.g. Brave as a lion).
👁️ Perspective	The point of view from which the story is told (first-person, third-person, etc).
🎵 Rhyme	Repetition of similar sounds, especially at the end of lines in poetry.
🧍‍♂️ Personification	Giving human traits to non-human things (e.g. the wind whispered).
😲 Hyperbole	Extreme exaggeration (e.g. I’ve told you a million times!).
🗣️ Diction	The choice of words used by the author to convey tone or character.
❓ Rhetorical Question	A question asked for effect, not meant to be answered.
🤔 Hypophora	Asking a question and immediately answering it.
⚖️ Paradox	A statement that seems contradictory but reveals a deeper truth.
⚔️ Juxtaposition	Placing contrasting elements side by side to highlight differences.
🌧️ Pathetic Fallacy	Giving human emotions to nature or weather (e.g. angry storm).
🎭 Irony	A contrast between expectations and reality (e.g., A fire station burns down.).

absolute: words with strong certainty/arbitrary

analogy: 类比

Dramatic devices:

Dialogue - the conversations between characters 

Stage directions - instructions that guide the actor’s movement; tone, pitch, body languages, props, lighting, sound, gestures, costumes

Monologue - talk to the characters themselves 

Soliloquy - talk to the characters themselves or to the audience

Dramatic irony - the audience knows more than what the characters know

Allegory - a technique that makes the literary work interpreted to reveal a hidden message, usually a moral or political one. 

Allusion -  an indirect/ direct reference (e.g. lucifer) 

Tragic hero - a character with internal conflicts that makes the wrong decision and is helpless to stop the tragedy

Symbolism - a concrete object represents an abstract concept 

Imagery - use words to appeal to senses (visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile, gustatory, kinesthetic) 

Foreshadow - use hints to indicate something (usually bad) that will happen in the future